Chevrolet Camaro 1970 3D armrest reproduction

My brother owns a completely overhauled Chevrolet Camaro with power windows (I believe from 1969 or 1971) and asked if I could scan, improve and reproduce the armrests since these are both quite sloppy.

This type of Chevrolet Camaro is the only version that has these large armrests and they are a typical product from those days.

Manufactured from plastic and covered with some kind of latex.

Due to time and usage these armrests are both L and R broken between the actual armrest and the handle that is used to close the door.

This handle is at the front of the door and with these long and heavy doors some force is required to close the doors.

Therefore, we will try to modify the armrest with an additional handgrip in the large part of the armrest.

So- I used my Creality lizard scanner to scan one of the the original armrests and cut the design in 2 connectable parts.  This makes it printable om my Voron300.

After reproduction, the part will get a new leather cover.

After the right hand side is made to fit perfectly, we will also mirror the design to produce the armrest and handle for the left hand side as well.

We will add our pictures to this post as we move along!

The final result of the two 3dprinted parts joined on the right hand door
And the part for the LEFT door of the car
For proper scanning, I had to fixate the front of the armrest.

Scanning did produce a nice textured 3d mesh of the armrest BUT the scan proved to be inadequate when we mesured the length of the scan. This was 8.5 cm (more than 3 inch) shorter than the original armrest.

Above shows an impression of the scan that I made with the Creality lizard 3d scanner. After many retries this was the best I could get. It took a lot of rework to get it to a 100% match with the original armrest.  The armrest is actually too large to be scanned with the Lizard’s rotating platform so it had to be done manually.
In the above picture the diverted length is clear, left is the print of the scan (after rework to get rid of all debri).

Also, the mounting holes were only visible as small round indents in the hull and due to the length decrease they were not at the correct position.

And-another problem occured due to the broken plastic inside the connection between the armrest and the handle: It was very difficult to scan the original armrest with the plate attached.  The plate was however very needed because the handle needs to be fixated to get it at the right position for proper results with scanning.

Plus, the mounting spot that is at the end of the handle was severily damaged and the scan obviously also reproduced this ugly spot.  I reworked this with meshmixer.

Fixing the above and making the 3 mounting holes into the design with a Cad/Cam program (I used both meshmixer and Openscad to get everything done) proved to be very time-consuming.

All in all- I always do my time-keeping when I do specific work- it took around 72 hours of my PC time to get this all done, up until the workable version of the STL files that were OK to be printed.

For scanning I use my Creality lizard scanner on my gaming laptop with built-in RT3060 GPU.

For editing, I use my newest ACER XPS13 laptop with thunderbolt, connected to my Razor external thunderbolt RT3060 graphics box and an external hi-res monitor.

3D printing is the next step that is very time consuming, but thankfully I only need to start the prints up and afterwards get the prints off the machines.

I made about 6 versions of both the designs and the printed parts before everything was OK.

The handle prints in around 6 hours on my twotrees sapphire pro at 100mm/s, 0.3 mm layer height with hi-temp ASA filament (0,6mm nozzle and BIQU high temp direct drive hotend installed).

The large armrest 387 mm long part prints in 20 hours at 0.3 mm layer height, ASA high-temp filament on my Voron 2.4 with a 0.5 mm nozzle.

The results are shown below:

First compare of the 3d printed parts against the original.
This is only the door handle, i.e. the front part that gets screwed onto the larger armrest part with 4 pieces 8mm screws

Above, the repaired mounting hole and its surroundings is shown. This was done with meshmixer.

This design shows the added pocket that I made in the design of the armrest to close the door by using this grip without the need to use the front handle
Final version of the STL file that can be printed either as 1 part with a really large 3d printer or, as I did: print it in 2 parts and connect the parts with 4 pieces 8mm plugs

 

E3D toolchanger 4xHemera direct drive first 4-color PLA benchy & 3D-world

The bow of the benchy , the white right part at the bottom sags a bit.

The solution was to set the bed temperature at 10 degrees lower.

So;  I now start with 60 degrees and after the first layer the bed temp goes to 50 degrees.

In addition, I flipped the benchy 180 degrees so that the cool air on the left side cools the bow better.  Now it turned out absolutely beautiful!

Printed with 0.2 mm layer height and 120 mm/s!

Not perfect yet but we’ll get there!

E3D toolchanger: Tuning the tool pickups with reprap global variables and macros assistance

E3D toolchanger upgrade: X-and Y- axis homing switches installing and configuring

Building E3D coreXY 4-toolchanger 3d printer

Toolhead stepper fault and solution

Custom E3D toolchanger Dock adapter plate

Calibrating E3D coreXY 4-toolchanger 3d printer

E3D toolchanger 4xHemera direct drive eerste 4-kleuren PLA benchy & 3d world

De boeg van de benchy , het witte rechter deel aan de onderkant zakt een beetje in.

De oplossing was om het hotbed op 10 graden lager in te stellen, en niet meer op 70 graden te starten met het bed.

Dus: Starten met 60 graden en na de eerste laag gelijk naar 50 graden.

Daarnaast heb ik de Benchy 180 graden omgedraaid zodat de koele lucht aan de linkerkant de boeg beter koelt.

Nu is hij qua kleurwisselingen helemaal mooi geworden.

Geprint met 0,2 mm laaghoogte en een maximale printsnelheid van 120 mm/s.

Nog niet perfect maar daar komen we nog wel!

 

E3D toolchanger: Afstellen van de tool pickups met reprap global variables en macro’s

Nadat ik de homing schakelaars voor X en Y op de E3D toolchanger had geïnstalleerd, had ik eindelijk een fatsoenlijk startpunt om de pickup en parking van het gereedschap af te stellen.

Oorspronkelijk gebruikte ik sensorloze homing, maar dit veroorzaakte wisselende offset-waarden van de X- en Y-posities van de machine. Het gereedschap kon dus niet consequent worden opgepakt of thuisgebracht na een reset.

Nu werkt alles prima en veranderen de X-Y waarden niet meer na een reset.

Wat ik dis was om eerst wat macro’s te maken voor een eenmalige instelling van de X en Y positie van de 4 gereedschappen voor de positionering van de gereedschapskop.  Als je dit niet doet, moet je elke keer dat je de waarde van X wilt veranderen, alle X waarden handmatig veranderen in 8 macro’s.

Dit is gedaan met een aantal globale variabelen.  Nadat deze in een macro zijn gedefinieerd, moeten ze worden aangeroepen voordat ze worden gebruikt.  In Config.g heb ik een verwijzing gemaakt om de macro van de globals.g macro aan te roepen, zodat deze telkens wordt uitgevoerd als je de Duet opstart.

In config.g heb ik na de Tool definities de M98 code toegevoegd om de globale definitie van de gebruikte variabelen te starten:

M98 P”0:/sys/globals.g” ; Maak globale variabelen aan in deze globals.g macro

Dit macrobestand ziet er in mijn geval als volgt uit en wees u ervan bewust dat de werkelijke variabelen per machine zullen verschillen, maar dit kan u een uitgangspunt geven:

global T0_X_dock=-12.3 ; X-Parkeerpositie van gereedschap 0
global T0_Y_dock=225.2 ; Y-Parkeerpositie van gereedschap 0
global T1_X_dock=80 ; X-Parkeerpositie van gereedschap 1
global T1_Y_dock=225.9 ; Y-Parkeerpositie van gereedschap 1
global T2_X_dock=212 ; X-Parkeerpositie van gereedschap 2
global T2_Y_dock=226 ; Y-Parkeerpositie van gereedschap 2
global T3_X_dock=304.7 ; X-Parkeerpositie van gereedschap 3
global T3_Y_dock=225,4 ; Y-Parkeerpositie van gereedschap 3

De bestanden tfree 1-3 en tpre 1-3 zien er dan zo uit voor T0, en je kunt de anderen maken door gewoon T1 , T2 of T3 in te vullen waar nu T0 staat:

; tfree0.g
; aangeroepen wanneer gereedschap 0 is bevrijd
G91
G1 Z4 F1000
G90
;Purge nozzle
;M98 P”purge.g”
;Move In
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y150 F50000
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y200 F50000
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y220 F50000
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y{global.T0_Y_dock} F1000
G53 G1 Y{global.T0_Y_dock} F1000
;Koppeling openen
M98 P”Coupler – Unlock.g”
;ventilator uit
M106 S0
;Move Out
G53 G1 {global.T0_X_dock} Y175 F50000

;tpre0.g
;opgeroepen voordat gereedschap 0 is geselecteerd
;Koppeling ontgrendelen
M98 P”Coupler – Unlock.g”
;Verplaatsen naar locatie
G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y200 F50000 ; was X-10.5
;Naar binnen
G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y220 F50000
;Verzamelen
G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y229.2 F1000 ;was f2500
G1 Y{global.T0_Y_dock} F1000
;Koppeling sluiten
M98 P”Coupler – Lock.g”
WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING! WAARSCHUWING!
Als u niet-standaardlengte hotends gebruikt, moet u ervoor zorgen dat het bed voldoende is verlaagd VOORDAT u het gereedschap loskoppelt!
G91
G1 Z10 F1000
G90
;Verplaatsen
G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y150 F10000; was 4000

En ik heb wat macro’s gemaakt om te controleren waar de gereedschapskop staat, recht voor de gereedschappen T0-T3:

; fit_T0.g
;aangeroepen om het gereedschap vlak voor het dock te plaatsen
G91
G1 Z4 F1000
G1 Y-10 F2000
G90
G53 G1 X150 Y100 F20000
;Naar binnen
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y150 F10000
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y200 F10000
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y220 F10000

Als u wilt controleren of u de juiste wijzigingen in globals.g hebt aangebracht, moet u weten dat de nieuwe waarden in de variabelenmacro globals.g pas worden gelezen als u opnieuw opstart.  [Als u de waarden op een andere manier wilt herdefiniëren zonder opnieuw op te starten, hebt u een ander type aanroepfunctie nodig].

E3D toolchanger: Tuning the tool pickups with reprap global variables and macro’s assistance

After I installed the homing switches for X and Y on the E3D toolchanger, I finally had a decent starting point to get the tools pickup and parking tuned.

Originally, I used sensorless homing but this caused changing offset values of the X- and Y positions of the machine. So the tools could not be picked up or brought home consistently after a reset.

Now, everything works fine and the X-Y values don’t change anymore after a reset.

What I did was to first make some macros for a one-off setting of the X and Y postion of the 4 Tools for the toolhead’s positioning.  If you don’t do this, you have to change all X values manually in 8 macro’s every time you want to change the value of X.

This was done with a number of global variables.  After defining these in a macro, they need to be called before using them.  In Config.g, I made a reference to run  the macro of the globals.g macro so it runs every time you boot the Duet.

In config.g, after the Tool definitions I added the M98 code to start the global definition of the used variables:

M98 P”0:/sys/globals.g” ; Make global variables in this globals.g macro

This macro file looks like this in my case and please be aware that the actual variables will differ per machine, but this may give you a starting point:

global T0_X_dock=-12.3 ; X-Parking position of Tool 0
global T0_Y_dock=225.2 ; Y-Parking position of Tool 0
global T1_X_dock=80 ; X-Parking position of Tool 1
global T1_Y_dock=225.9 ; Y-Parking position of Tool 1
global T2_X_dock=212 ; X-Parking position of Tool 2
global T2_Y_dock=226 ; Y-Parking position of Tool 2
global T3_X_dock=304.7 ; X-Parking position of Tool 3
global T3_Y_dock=225.4 ; Y-Parking position of Tool 3

The tfree 1-3and the tpre 1-3 files will then be like this for T0, and you can make the others by just fulling in T1 , T2 or T3 where it now states T0:

; tfree0.g
; called when tool 0 is freed
G91
G1 Z4 F1000
G90
;Purge nozzle
;M98 P”purge.g”
;Move In
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y150 F50000
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y200 F50000
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y220 F50000
;G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y{global.T0_Y_dock} F1000
G53 G1 Y{global.T0_Y_dock} F1000
;Open Coupler
M98 P”Coupler – Unlock.g”
;fan off
M106 S0
;Move Out
G53 G1 {global.T0_X_dock} Y175 F50000

; tpre0.g
; called before tool 0 is selected
;Unlock Coupler
M98 P”Coupler – Unlock.g”
;Move to location
G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y200 F50000 ; was X-10.5
;Move in
G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y220 F50000
;Collect
;G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y229.2 F1000 ;was f2500
G1 Y{global.T0_Y_dock} F1000
;Close Coupler
M98 P”Coupler – Lock.g”
;WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! WARNING! WARNING!
;if you are using non-standard length hotends ensure the bed is lowered enough BEFORE undocking the tool!
G91
G1 Z10 F1000
G90
;Move Out
G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y150 F10000; was 4000

And I made some macros for checking where the toolhead is positioned, right in front of the tools T0-T3:

; fit_T0.g
; called to fit the Tool just in front of the dock
G91
G1 Z4 F1000
G1 Y-10 F2000
G90
G53 G1 X150 Y100 F20000
;Move In
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y150 F10000
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y200 F10000
G53 G1 X{global.T0_X_dock} Y220 F10000

If you want to check wether you made the correct changes to globals.g, be aware that the new values in the globals.g variables macro will only be read when you reboot.  [If you want to redefine the values in any other way without rebooting, you will need another type of call function.]

E3D toolchanger upgrade: X-and Y- axis homing switches installing and configuring

My E3D toolchanger appeared to have some small inconsistencies in homing X and Y.

This became apparant after I tried to tune the exact positions of the tools pickup, after having homed.

Every time it was tuned, it worked well and the next day it was just a bit off. Then I retuned it again, and after a day it was off again.  Not a lot, but just 0.1 mm or a bit more.  But it did cause problems with the toolchanges.

So- after reading a bit I found that others had this problem as well and produced a solution: Just put in a couple of good X- and Y homing switches!

I even found the to be printed 3d-parts for mounting these switches. Thanx for this, folks!

The switches are the same type as for the Z-switch.

X-axis end switch
Y-axis end switch

I printed the mounts in PETG carbon on my Prusa mini and mounted  both switches on the E3D toolchanger.

After this, I amended config. g and the homing files, please see the rest of my post for this:

CONFIG.G CHANGES

; Endstops
M574 X1 S1 P”xstop” ; X min active high endstop switch
M574 Y1 S1 P”ystop” ; Y min active high endstop switch
M574 C0 ; no C endstop
M574 Z0 P”nil” ; no Z endstop switch, free up Z endstop input as Z endstop switch. (I changed  this part for correct working with RRF3.3+)

NEW HOMING FILES:

; homex.g
; called to home the x axis

M98 P”homey.g” ; Home Y always before homing X

G91 ; use relative positioning

G1 H2 Z3 F5000 ; lift Z 3mm
G1 H1 X-400 F15000 ; move left 400mm, stopping at the endstop
G1 X5 F15000 ; move away from end
G1 H1 X-400 F2000 ; move left 400mm, stopping at the endstop
G1 X2 F2000 ; move away from end
G1 H2 Z-3 F1200 ; lower Z

G90 ; back to absolute positioning

; homeall.g
; called to home all axes;

M98 P”homec.g” ; Home C (ToolHead)

M98 P”homex.g” ; Home X

M98 P”homez.g” ; Home Z

G1 X150 Y-49 Z20 F15000 ; Park

; homey.g
; called to home the Y axis

G91 ; use relative positioning

G1 H2 Z3 F5000 ; lift Z 3mm BED DOWN
G1 H1 Y-400 F15000 ; move to the front 400mm, stopping at the endstop
G1 Y5 F15000 ; move away from end
G1 H1 Y-400 F2000 ; move to the front 400mm, stopping at the endstop
G1 Y2 F2000 ; move away from end
G1 H2 Z-3 F1200 ; move Z BED UP

G90 ; back to absolute positioning

Z homing did not change and remains as is:

; homez.g
; called to home the Z axis
M98 P”Coupler – Unlock.g” ; Open Coupler
G91 ; Relative mode
G1 H2 Z5 F5000 ; Lower the bed
G90 ; back to absolute positioning
G1 X150 Y100 F50000 ; Position the endstop above the bed centre
M558 F1000 ; speed to 1000
G30 ; probe x 1
M558 F300 ; speed to 300
G30 ; probe x 1

Fysieke X- en Y- homing schakelaars op mijn E3D toolchanger

Mijn E3D toolchanger bleek steeds wat af te wijken van de exacte X-Y locaties elke keer dat ik een homing van de machine uitvoerde,.

Dit werd duidelijk nadat ik probeerde de exacte posities van de pickup van het gereedschap af te stellen, nadat ik had gehomed.

Elke keer als ik de pick-up posities opnieuw afstelde, werkte hij goed en de volgende dag was hij net weer een beetje anders. Dan stemde ik hem opnieuw af, en na een dag zat hij er weer naast.  Niet veel, maar slechts 0,1 mm of iets meer.  Maar het gaf wel problemen met het wisselen van de Tools.

Dus- na wat lezen vond ik dat anderen dit probleem ook hadden en kwam met een oplossing: Gewoon een paar goede X- en Y-homeschakelaars plaatsen!

Ik vond zelfs de te printen 3d-onderdelen voor de montage van deze schakelaars. Bedankt hiervoor, mensen!

De schakelaars zijn van hetzelfde type als voor de Z-schakelaar.

X-axis end switch
Y-axis end switch

Ik heb de mounts in PETG carbon geprint op mijn Prusa mini en beide schakelaars op de E3D toolchanger gemonteerd.

Hierna heb ik config. g en de homing files aangepast, zie hiervoor de rest van mijn post:

CONFIG.G CHANGES

; Endstops
M574 X1 S1 P”xstop” ; X min active high endstop switch
M574 Y1 S1 P”ystop” ; Y min active high endstop switch
M574 C0 ; no C endstop
M574 Z0 P”nil” ; no Z endstop switch, free up Z endstop input as Z endstop switch. (I changed  this part for correct working with RRF3.3+)

NEW HOMING FILES:

; homex.g
; called to home the x axis

M98 P”homey.g” ; Home Y always before homing X

G91 ; use relative positioning

G1 H2 Z3 F5000 ; lift Z 3mm
G1 H1 X-400 F15000 ; move left 400mm, stopping at the endstop
G1 X5 F15000 ; move away from end
G1 H1 X-400 F2000 ; move left 400mm, stopping at the endstop
G1 X2 F2000 ; move away from end
G1 H2 Z-3 F1200 ; lower Z

G90 ; back to absolute positioning

; homeall.g
; called to home all axes;

M98 P”homec.g” ; Home C (ToolHead)

M98 P”homex.g” ; Home X

M98 P”homez.g” ; Home Z

G1 X150 Y-49 Z20 F15000 ; Park

; homey.g
; called to home the Y axis

G91 ; use relative positioning

G1 H2 Z3 F5000 ; lift Z 3mm BED DOWN
G1 H1 Y-400 F15000 ; move to the front 400mm, stopping at the endstop
G1 Y5 F15000 ; move away from end
G1 H1 Y-400 F2000 ; move to the front 400mm, stopping at the endstop
G1 Y2 F2000 ; move away from end
G1 H2 Z-3 F1200 ; move Z BED UP

G90 ; back to absolute positioning

Z homing did not change and remains as is:

; homez.g
; called to home the Z axis
M98 P”Coupler – Unlock.g” ; Open Coupler
G91 ; Relative mode
G1 H2 Z5 F5000 ; Lower the bed
G90 ; back to absolute positioning
G1 X150 Y100 F50000 ; Position the endstop above the bed centre
M558 F1000 ; speed to 1000
G30 ; probe x 1
M558 F300 ; speed to 300
G30 ; probe x 1

Toolhead stepper fault and solution

The toolhead stepper of my E3D toolchanger system suddenly broke down.

The cause was a failed tool pickup move,  due to which the rotating axle of the toolhead pickup system got blocked.

After exchanging the stepper I changed the Duet’s settings so the C-drive will not be able to generate too much torque.

This will prevent the last teethed wheel to break whenever the driven pickup axle gets blocked under extreme circumstances.

After opening the case of the failed reduction box, I discovered 1 broken tooth of the final gear.

I ordered me a new one, and mounted this.  And I changed the C-drive’s settings to make use of the stall mechanism.  It took some tweaking to get this to work properly.  After all, picking up a tool must still work as this is the base intention.

All is OK again!

E3D toolchanger Hymera fans 2, 4, 6 and 8 intermittent problem solved

In the end, the solution to my intermittent on/off problem with my toolfans on the Hymera direct drives was extremely simple.

The picture shows the solution, as the Hymera stepper driver obviously interferes with the 40mm fans.  The problem was that these fans 2,4,6 and 8 not always started spinning.

I tried to exchange the fans which did not help, tested the Voltage, current , settings and so on.  Everything appeared to be OK.

Strangely enough, when testing the fan off the Hymera tool, even including the duct attached, everything woked fine.  Just did not work when mounted on the Hymera.

Finally, Just trying some things, I pushed a thin steel plate (NOT RVS) in between the fan and the stepper motor, and now it always works, even at 5% PWM!   Problem solved!

After testing at all tools, I made 4 better fitting thin plates and mounted these at the 4 tools and no problem exists anymore, ever since!

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